Equine Gastric Ulcers
One of the most common problems affecting performance horses is gastric ulceration, erosive disease of the stomach. According to the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP), "Up to 90 percent of racehorses and 60 percent of show horses, as well as non-performance horses and even foals, are affected by equine gastric ulcers".
Equine gastric ulcers result from erosion of the stomach's lining due to prolonged exposure to normal acid in the stomach. The upper portion of the stomach is non-glandular and, therefore, vulnerable to ulceration from gastric acid. The lower two-thirds of the stomach is glandular, featuring a thick mucous layer that serves as a protective coating to keep it from being damaged by acid.
The horse's stomach is divided into two parts by a clearly defined line called the "margo plicatus."
While Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS) is more prevalent in high-performance horses, it's important to remember that any horse can be affected. All equines suffer from stress (like traveling, stall confinement, changes in diet, etc.), which can result in gastric ulcers over time.
The majority of horses with gastric ulcers do not show obvious clinical signs and can appear completely healthy. The UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine has compiled the following list of subtle signs that may present:
-Poor appetite
-Dullness
-Attitude changes
-Decreased performance
-Reluctance to train
-Poor body condition
-Poor hair coat
-Weight loss
-Low-grade colic
-Girthiness
A qualified equine veterinarian should be consulted in any case of suspected gastric ulcers to determine the best course of action and treatment for the individual horse. The only way to diagnose ulcers definitively is through gastroscopy, which involves placing an endoscope into the stomach and looking at its surface. Alta Equine proudly offers on-farm video endoscopy services. An exam should be considered if you have a horse showing behavioral changes, pain when saddled, or generalized poor performance concerns.
Inhibiting gastric acid secretion is the mainstay of gastric ulcer treatment in horses. Your veterinarian will recommend specific treatment plans and management regimens based on the location and severity of the type of ulcerations found.
GENERAL ULCER PREVENTION:
We do have a few generalized tips on ulcer prevention to share. Please note that this is merely a guide. Each horse is different and you should always consult with your veterinarian before making changes to your individual equine athlete’s established management plan.
Diet: Adding a small amount of alfalfa into the diet (less than 1/4 of diet) and/or healthy oils can help with gastric support and comfort. It is recommended to Feed ½ flake of Alfalfa hay 45 minutes prior to exercise. Alfalfa hay aids in neutralizing gastric acid and can stimulate saliva production. The more frequent the meals the better, as horses continually secrete acid from their stomachs . In addition, slow feeders are a great option to keep them busy with food throughout the day and night.
Eliminating or decreasing the amount of grain in the diet will also help decrease the acid levels in the stomach. An additional supplement we have had success with that provides some gastric comfort is Corn oil (up to 3oz daily in feed) and Purina Outlast.
Gastrogard: Even after treatment, we always recommend treating with a maintenance dose of 1/4 tube of gastrogard several days before, during and after a stressful event such as trailering, horse shows, etc.
